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Tonle Sap Lake
Phsar Chas
Cambodia's Great Lake, the Boeung Tonle Sap ( Tonle Sap Lake,) is the most prominent feature on the map of Cambodia - a huge dumbbellshaped body of water stretching across the northwest section of the country. In the wet season, the Tonle Sap Lake is one of the largest freshwater lakes in Asia, swelling to an expansive 12,00 Km2. During the dry half of the year the Lake Shrinks to as small as 2500 Km2, draining into the Tonle Sap River, which meanders southeast, eventually merging with the Mekong River at the 'chaktomuk' confluence of rivers opposite Phnom Penh. But during the wet season a unique hydrologic phenomenon causes the river to revers direction , filling the lake instead of draining it. The engine of this phenomenon is the Mekong River, which becomes bloated with snow melt and runoff from the monsoon rains in the wet season. The swollen Mekong backs up into the Tonle Sap River at the point where the rivers meet at the 'chaktomuk' confluence, forcing the waters of the Tonle Sap River back upriver into the lake. The inflow expands the surface area of lake more than inflow expands the surface area of lake more than five-fold, inundating the surrounding forested flood plain and supporting an extraordinarily rich and diverse eco-system. More than 100 varieties of waterbirds including several threatended and endangerd species, over 200 species of fish, as well as crocodiles, turtles, macaques, other and other wildlife inhab it the inundated mangrove forests. The Lake is also an important commercial resoucrce, providing more than half of the fish consumed in Cambodia. In harmony with the specialized ecosystems, the human occupations at the edges of the lake is similarly distinative floating villages, towering stilted houses, huge fish traps, and an economy and way of life deeply intertwined with the lake, the fish, the wildlife and the cycles of rising and falling waters.
The lake sits only about 15km south of Siem reap town. If you take the ferry between Phnom Penh and Siem reap you will cross the lake and dock at the village of Chong Khneas. There are several ways to see the culture and wildlife of the lake area depending on the amount of time you have and your interest. For tour operators specializing in lake tours.
Prek Toal Bird Sanctuary
The 'bird sancturay' at the prek Toal core area of the Tonle Sap Biosphere Reserve has been called "the single most important breeding ground in South-east Asia for globally threatened large waterbirds." The Biosphere cover 31,282 hectares at the north west tip of the Tonle Sap Lake and plays host to species including Greater an Lesser Adjuncts, Black-headed lbis, Painted Stork, Milky Stork, Spot-billed Pelican, GreyHeaded Fish Eagle and many more species. Of the three Biospere core areas on the Tonle Sap Lake, Prek Toal is the most accessible from Siem Reap and the most popular with birdwatchers. The best tme of years for viewing is the dry season (Dec-May) when flocks of migratory birds congregate at Prek Toal. As the dry season progresses and the water recedes, the number of birds increasses but the travel to some of the more important viewing areas becomes more difficult.
Most people arrange a trip to Prek Toal through their guesthouse or a tour operator. To do it yourselft, take a moto or taxi from Siem reap to the Phnom Krom/Chong Khneas boat dock. Arrange a boat to the Prek Toal Environmental Research Station. There are also basic overnight accommodation at the Research Station if you want to stay the night to take full advantage of the sunset and early morning viewing hours.


Cambodia bird
Cambodia birding
(Cambodia birding, Chong Kneas.)
Cambodia bird
Prek Toal Bird Sanctuary
(The bird sanctuary, at the Prek Toal core area of the Tonle sap.)
For more about Tonle Sap Lake
Chong Khneas
Chong Khneas is the floating village at the edge of the lake closest and most accessible to Siem reap. If you want a relatively quick and easy look at the Tonle Sap, boat tours of Chong Khneas are available, departing from the Chong khneas boat docks all day long. Take a motodup or taxi the 11-15Km from Siem reap to the boat docks where there are always boats waiting for passengers. A two hours boat trip through the floating village runs and the boat may carry as many as 15 other people.
The boatman will probably point out the differing Khmer and Vietnamese floating households and the floating markets, Chong Khneas, while interesting, is over touristed and is not as picturesque and 'underspoiled' as floating villags further from siem reap. The boat trip usually includes two stops: one at a touristy and snack shop, and the other at the ecology and biodiversity of the lake area.
Kampong Phluk
Kampong Phluk is a cluster of three villages of stilted houses built within the floodpain of the Tonle Sap about 16 Km southeast of siem reap. The village are primarity Khmer and have about 3,000 inhaditants between them. Flooded mangrove forest surrounds the area and is home to a vrity of wildlife including crab-eating macaques During the dry season when lake is low, the buildings in the villages seem to soar atop theire 6-meter stilts exposed by the lack out of water.At this time of year many of the villages move out onto the lake and build temporary stillted houses. In the wet season when water level rises again, the villages move back to their permanent houses on the floodplain, the stills now hidden under the water. Kampong Phluk's economy is, as one might expact based in fishing, Primary in Charimap
Kampong Phuluk sees comparatively few foreign visitors and offers a close look at the submerged forcast and lakeside village life as yet unperturbed bhy mass tourism. The area can be reached by boat from the Chong Khneas or by a combination of road and boat. Make arrangements through your guesthouse of tour operator, or charter a boat at the village, ) By road/boat, take a car or moto to Roluos Village just off Route #6 east of Siem reap and the take a boat trough the flooded forest the rest of the way to the village, During the dry season the road is clear and you can drive all of the way to the village.
Kapong khleng is located on the northern lake-edge about 35km east of siem reap town, more remote and tess tourised than Kampong Phluk Visitors to Kampong Khleang during the dry season are universally awestruck by the forest of stilled houses rising up to 10 meters in the air. In the wet season the waters rise to within one or two meters of the building. Like Kampong Phluk, Kampong Khleng is a permanent community within the flood plain of the Lake, with an economy based in fishing and surrounded by flooded forest, But Kampong Khleng is significantly larger with near 10 times the population of Kampong Phluk, making it the largest community on the Lake.
The area can be reached by boat from chong Khneas docks or by a combination of road to Domdek on Route #6 and then boat to the village, the best method depending on the time of year. During the dry season, boat cannot gel all of the way to the main villages, Consult your guesthouse or tour operator about current conditions. Many tour operators have very little experience in this area so it is best to consult with adventure tour operators and guesthouses that specialize in this area.



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